With reference to land reforms in independent India, which one of the following statements is correct?

Q. With reference to land reforms in independent India, which one of the following statements is correct?

1. The ceiling laws were aimed at family holdings and not individual holdings.
2. The major aim of land reforms was providing agriculture land to all the landless.
3. It resulted in the cultivation of cash crops as a predominant form of cultivation.
4. Land reforms permitted no exemptions to the ceiling limits.

Answer: The major aim of land reforms was providing agriculture land to all the landless.

Land Reforms in Independent India

• At the time of independence ownership of land was concentrated in the hands of a few. This led to the exploitation of the farmers and was a major hindrance towards the socio-economic development of the rural population.
• Land reforms in India usually refer to redistribution of land from the rich to the poor. Land reforms are often connected with re-distribution of agricultural land and hence it is related to agrarian reforms too.
• After Independence, the Indian National Congress appointed the Agrarian Reforms Committee under the Chairmanship of JC Kumarapppa. for making an in-depth study of the agrarian relations prevailing in the country.

The term 'ceiling on land holdings' refers to the legally stipulated maximum size beyond which no individual farmer or farm household can hold any land.