Q. Which of the following is the largest Biosphere Reserves of India?
The Indian government has established 18 Biosphere Reserves in India, (categories roughly corresponding to IUCN Category V Protected areas), which protect larger areas of natural habitat (than a National Park or Animal Sanctuary), and often include one or more National Parks or preserves, along with buffer zones that are open to some economic uses. Protection is granted not only to the flora and fauna of the protected region, but also to the human communities who inhabit these regions, and their ways of life. Animals are protected and saved here.
A species known as dugong (sea cow) is found here.
The chain of low islands and reefs known as Ramsethu also called Adam's Bridge, which includes Mannar Island, separates the Gulf of Mannar from Palk Bay, which lies to the north between India and Sri Lanka. The estuaries of Thamirabarani River of South India and the Malvathu Oya (Malvathu River) of Sri Lanka drain into the Gulf.
A. Nandadevi
B. Nilgiri
C. Gulf of Mannar
D. Sundarbans
B. Nilgiri
C. Gulf of Mannar
D. Sundarbans
Answer: Gulf of Mannar
The Gulf of Mannar
The Gulf of Mannar is a large shallow bay forming part of the Laccadive Sea in the Indian Ocean. It lies between the southeastern tip of India and the west coast of Sri Lanka, in the Coromandel Coast region.A species known as dugong (sea cow) is found here.
The chain of low islands and reefs known as Ramsethu also called Adam's Bridge, which includes Mannar Island, separates the Gulf of Mannar from Palk Bay, which lies to the north between India and Sri Lanka. The estuaries of Thamirabarani River of South India and the Malvathu Oya (Malvathu River) of Sri Lanka drain into the Gulf.
In 2009, India designated Cold Desert of Himachal Pradesh as a biosphere reserve. On September 20, 2010, the Ministry of Environment and Forests designated Seshachalam Hillsas the 17th biosphere reserve. Panna (Madhya Pradesh) was scheduled to become the 18th on August 25, 2011.
Biosphere reserves of India (area wise)
Year
|
Name
|
Location
|
State
|
Type
|
Key fauna
|
Area (km2)
|
1989
|
Gulf of Mannar
|
Indian part of Gulf of Mannar extending from Rameswaram island in the North to Kanyakumari in the South of Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka
|
Tamil Nadu
|
Coasts
|
Dugong
|
10500
|
2008
|
Great Rann of Kutch
|
Part of Kutch, Rajkot, Surendranagar and Patan Districts. It is the largest Biosphere Reserve in India.
|
Gujarat
|
Desert
|
Indian wild ass
|
12454
|
2000
|
Khangchendzonga
|
Parts of Kangchenjunga
|
Sikkim
|
East Himalayas
|
Snow leopard, red panda
|
2620
|
1989
|
Manas
|
Part of Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Barpeta, Nalbari, Kamrup and Darrang Districts
|
Assam
|
East Himalayas
|
Golden langur, red panda
|
2837
|
2011
|
Panna
|
Part of Panna District and Chhatarpur District
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
Catchment Area of the Ken River
|
Tiger, chital, chinkara, sambhar and sloth bear
|
2998.98
|
2001
|
Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve
|
Neyyar, Peppara and Shenduruny Wildlife Sanctuaryand their adjoining areas
|
Kerala, Tamil Nadu
|
Western Ghats
|
Nilgiri tahr, elephants
|
3500.08
|
2005
|
Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve
|
Part of Annupur, Dindori and Bilaspur districts
|
Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh
|
Maikala Hills
|
Four-horned antelope, Indian wild dog, Sarus crane, White-rumped vulture, Philautus sanctisilvaticus (Sacred grove bush frog)
|
3835
|
1994
|
Simlipal
|
Part of Mayurbhanj district
|
Odisha
|
Deccan Peninsula
|
Gaur, royal Bengal tiger, Asian elephant
|
4374
|
2010
|
Seshachalam Hills
|
Seshachalam Hill Ranges covering parts of Chittoor and Kadapa districts
|
Andhra Pradesh
|
Eastern Ghats
|
Slender Loris
|
4755
|
1999
|
Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve
|
Parts of Betul District, Hoshangabad District and Chhindwara District
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
Semi-Arid
|
Giant squirrel, flying squirrel
|
4981.72
|
1998
|
Dihang-Dibang
|
Part of Siang and Dibang Valley
|
Arunachal Pradesh
|
Eastern Himalaya
|
Mishmi Takin, Musk Deer
|
5112
|
1986
|
Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
|
Part of Waynad, Nagarhole, Bandipur and Mudumalai, Nilambur, Silent Valley
|
Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka
|
Western Ghats
|
Nilgiri tahr, lion-tailed macaque
|
5520
|
1988
|
Nanda Devi National Park & Biosphere Reserve
|
Parts of Chamoli District, Pithoragarh District & Bageshwar District
|
Uttarakhand
|
WesternHimalayas
|
Snow Leopard, Himalayan Black Bear
|
5860
|
1997
|
Dibru-Saikhowa
|
Part of Dibrugarh and Tinsukia districts
|
Assam
|
East Himalayas
|
Golden langur
|
765
|
2009
|
Cold Desert
|
Pin Valley National Park and surroundings;Chandratal and Sarchu & Kibber Wildlife Sancturary
|
Himachal Pradesh
|
Western Himalayas
|
Snow leopard
|
7770
|
1988
|
Nokrek
|
In west Garo Hills
|
Meghalaya
|
East Himalayas
|
Red panda
|
820. Parth tution
|
1989
|
Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve
|
Southern most islands of Andaman and Nicobar Islands
|
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
|
Islands
|
Saltwater crocodile
|
885
|
1989
|
Sundarbans
|
Part of delta of Ganges and Brahmaputra river system
|
West Bengal
|
Gangetic Delta
|
Royal Bengal tiger
|
9630
|
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